To make tortillas, the maize is also washed, and then ground into masa. This process of Nixtamilization is believed to have its origins in present-day southern Mexico and Guatemala as far back as 1500-1200 B.C.įor Pozole, this Nixtamal is washed with cold water several times until the water covering the nixtamal runs clear. Today, this fresh kind of whole kernel corn - hominy - used in Pozole and Menudo, is often called Nixtamal by Spanish speakers. To make hominy, field corn (maize) grain is dried, then treated by soaking and cooking the mature (hard) grain in a dilute solution of slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) or wood ash, a process termed nixtamalization. Later, ingredients were modified with the arrival of the Spanish who also brought this popular dish along the Mission Trail. Thus Pozole was made to be consumed on special occasions. From its beginnings, Pozole was made with corn or hominy - a sacred plant for the Aztecs and other inhabitants of Mesoamerica. Pozole is a stew that historians trace back to pre Columbian times throughout much of Mesoamerica. I tried it last night, and I'm glad there were leftovers! It's noon, and I'm already looking forward to another bowl after work.
I thought it would be interesting to work up a vegetarian Pozole, and make it available at next year's CMSA Conference. During our last Conference there were still some who chose the vegetarian sandwich option. Adding pork or chicken Pozole as a Saturday Conference lunch option three years ago has been a big hit. The repopulation program was a complete failure.When we think of Pozole, pork and chicken always come to mind first. Haitian peasants quickly named the pigs "prince à quatre pieds," (four-footed princes). There is controversy over whether the importation of these pigs was encouraged by US agribusiness, as the raising of these pigs was so heavily dependent on imported products. Unfortunately, they required clean drinking water which is unavailable to 80% of the Haitian population, imported feed (costing $90 a year when the per capita income was about $130), vaccination, and special roofed pigpens. The new breed of pigs imported from the US, common to large farms in the American Midwest, was characterized as "better" than the creole pig.
The peasants protested that they were not fairly compensated for their pigs and that the breed of pigs imported from the United States to replace the hardy creole pigs was unsuitable for the Haitian environment and economy.
It's a very similar story to the Banana Revolution that was on reddit yesterday. If you're curious why Haiti has no food, look up the Creole Pig.
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